Maximal safe resection of diffuse lower grade gliomas primarily within central lobe using cortical/subcortical direct electrical stimulation under awake craniotomy
BackgroundDiffuse lower-grade glioma (DLGG) in the central lobe is a challenge for safe resection procedures.To improve the extent of resection and reduce the risk of postoperative neurological deficits, we performed an awake craniotomy with cortical-subcortical direct electrical stimulation (DES) mapping for patients with DLGG located primarily wi